In both cases, hare intercourse in addition to portion of hares’ try was indeed not related to help you your body reputation directory

We used standardized regression coefficients to assess the effect size of the predictor variables on the three response variables. Continuous predictor variables were standardized and scaled by dividing their mean by two standard deviations (Gelman, 2008 ). sFMR and the total number of predators were log₁₀ transformed to normalize a right-skewed distribution. Multicollinearity of continuous predictor variables was not an issue because the variance inflation factor (VIF) of all continuous predictor variables remained below 1.5 for all models. We tested the linearity between the predictors and the response variables using a generalized additive mixed model (package gamm4 version 0.2-6). The predictors had an effective degree of freedom (edf) close to 1 and were therefore linearly related to the response variables. Model selection was hispanische Dating App performed by using the “drop1” protocol of Zuur et al. ( 2009 ) and the Akaike information criteria (AIC). The fit of the models was assessed using plots of model residuals.

3 Abilities

For the metabolic rate models on body condition, the final model included sFMR, age class, and days since the start of the data collection, whereas for predator number models, the final model only included number of predators and age class (Table 1). The sum of the field metabolic rate of predators (sFMR) was negatively related to the body condition index of hares (Marginal R 2 = .61) (Table 1). Adult hares had a 21.8% higher body condition index than subadult (p < .001), whereas the body condition index of hares increased during the research period from autumn–winter) (p = .017). For the number of predators' models, while age class was correlated to body condition, the number of predators was not (Table 1).

For metabolic patterns and you can predator amount activities to the weight of adrenal gland, the last design provided the new predator list and you will hare sex (Dining table 2)

• a design are derived from sized 66 hares within the thirteen hunting leases gathered during a period of 34 weeks.
• b Looks reputation index (looks bulk/hindfoot length; Murray, 2002 ), sFMR = amount of the field metabolic rate, Years = subadult or adult, Go out = weeks since start of research range, tNP = final number away from predators. The next variables have been dropped out-of finally model step one: percentage of hares sample and you will gender out-of hares; finally model dos: percentage of hares attempt, sex regarding hares, and you can weeks due to the fact start of the analysis collection.
• c Variables is actually standard of the dos SD (Gelman, 2008 ).
• d * = p < .05, *** = p < .001.
• e Subadult is actually site category.

The entire profession metabolic process regarding predators (sFMR) try definitely about the weight of your adrenal glands (Limited Roentgen 2 = .14) (Table dos). The quantity of predators, yet not, is unrelated towards the lbs out-of hare adrenals (Desk 2). Likewise, adrenal glands of women had been 0.04 ± 0.017 g ( ± SE) heavy than simply that boys from the design which have sFMR, yet not throughout the model on final amount out-of predators. In both cases, this new part of hares try, decades group, and you may months since the study were obtained is unrelated on the pounds of your adrenals.

For both metabolic activities and you will predator number designs for the weight of adrenal gland, the past model integrated the newest predator index and you can hare sex (Table dos)

• a design are derived from measurements of hares inside 13 hunting leases built-up over a period of 34 months.
• b sFMR = sum of profession metabolic process, Sex = person, tNP = final number out of predators. Another variables have been dropped away from final Habits step one and you may 2: portion of hares’ decide to try, years class, and you can weeks as the beginning of the study collection.